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Spotlight

News in brief this evening: Top stories from Jan. 11

  • AP, CNN
  • Jan 11, 2022
  • Jan 11, 2022 Updated Feb 18, 2022

From quarters with Maya Angelou's face on them, to a helicopter crash, to the reason why grocery stores are struggling to stock their empty shelves, here are some top headlines from today, Jan. 11.

Here's why grocery stores are struggling to stock their empty shelves

Grocery store shelves across America are wiped clean, and they're staying empty as stores struggle to quickly restock everyday necessities such as milk, bread, meat, canned soups and cleaning products.

Disgruntled shoppers have unleashed their frustration on social media over the last several days, posting photos on Twitter of bare shelves at Trader Joe's locations, Giant Foods and Publix stores, among many others.

After contending with two years of a pandemic and supply chain-related problems, grocery stores still aren't getting the break they had hoped for. Rather, they are now confronting a host of other setbacks.

Omicron's devastating blow

As the highly contagious variant of the Covid-19 virus continues to sicken workers, it's creating staffing shortages for critical functions like transportation and logistics, which in turn are affecting delivery of products and restocking of store shelves across the country.

Albertsons' CEO Vivek Sankaran acknowledged that products are in tight supply during the company's earnings call with analysts Tuesday.

"I think as a business, we've all learned to manage it. We've all learned to make sure that the stores are still very presentable, give the consumers as much choice as we can get," Sankaran said during the call.

Even so, he added, Omicron has put "a bit of a dent" on efforts to improve supply chain gaps. "We would expect more supply challenges over the next four to six weeks," Sankaran said.

Grocery stores are operating with less than their normal workforces, according to the National Grocers Association, and many of its members have less than 50% of their normal workforce.

"While there is plenty of food in the supply chain, we anticipate consumers will continue to experience sporadic disruptions in certain product categories as we have seen over the past year and half due to the continued supply and labor challenges," said Greg Ferrara, the group's president and CEO.

In fact, labor shortages continue to pressure all areas of the food industry, said Phil Lempert, an industry analyst and editor of SuperMarketGuru.com.

"From farms to food makers to grocery stores, it's across the board," said Lempert. "During the pandemic, these operations have had to implement social distancing protocols and they're not really built for that and it has impacted production."

And as the pandemic continues, many food industry workers are opting not to return to their low-wage jobs at all.

Transportation problems

An ongoing shortage of truckers continues to slow down the supply chain and the ability of grocery stores to replenish their shelves quickly.

"The trucking industry has an aging workforce on top of a shortage," Lempert said. "It's really been a problem for the last several years."

Layered atop widespread domestic transportation issues is the ongoing record-high level of congestion at the nation's ports. "Both of these challenges are working in tandem to create shortages," he said

Weather issues

At Trader Joe's stores, shoppers over the weekend saw messages attached to empty shelves blaming weather emergencies for delivery delays.

Much of the Midwest and Northeast has recently been grappling with severe weather and hazardous commuting conditions. Not only are people stocking up on more groceries, that level of high demand coupled with transportation challenges is making it more difficult to transport goods in inclement weather, thus resulting in more shortages, said Lempert.

Not to mention climate change, which is an ongoing serious and longer term threat to food supply. "Fires and droughts are damaging crops such as wheat, corn and soybean in the US and coffee crops in Brazil," he said. "We can't ignore it."

Pandemic changed our eating habits

More and more of us have taken to cooking and eating at home through the pandemic that's contributing to the grocery supply crunch, too, said Lempert.

"We don't want to keep eating the same thing and are trying to vary home cooking. As we do that, we're buying even more food products," he said. The shortages have also made buying food increasingly more expensive going into 2022.

Grocery stores certainly are aware of the empty shelves, Lempert said, and they are trying to mitigate panic buying, which only worsens it the situation.

One strategy: Fanning out products. They're doing this by putting out both limited varieties and limited quantities of each product in an attempt to prevent hoarding and stretch out their supplies between deliveries.

"Pre-pandemic you might have seen five different varieties of milk across the front row and 10 cartons deep. Now it will be five across and maybe two rows deep," said Lempert.

-- CNN's Nathaniel Meyersohn and Danielle Wiener-Bronner contributed to this story

The-CNN-Wire

™ & © 2022 Cable News Network, Inc., a WarnerMedia Company. All rights reserved.

Jenna Jameson, 'unable to walk,' has Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Jenna Jameson has offered an update on a medical condition that has her hospitalized in Hawaii.

The former adult film star posted on her verified Instagram Monday that she has gotten some answers about her diagnosis.

"I'm dealing with a little syndrome called Guillain-Barré Syndrome, so I'm working through that," she said in the video. " And I just wanted to let you know that I see all your DM's and I appreciate it so much."

Over the weekend her partner, Lior Bitton, posted a video on Jameson's account explaining that she was undergoing testing after throwing up a great deal for several weeks. A trip to the hospital and a CT scan didn't reveal anything and she was sent home, he said.

But, according to Bitton, her conditioned worsened.

"Then she came back home and she couldn't carry herself," Bitton said in the video. "Her muscles in her legs were very weak, so she wasn't able to walk to the bathroom. "

He said he was having to carry her.

In her Instagram post, Jameson addressed speculation that getting vaccinated may have something to do with her health crisis.

"PS I did NOT get the jab or any jab," she wrote in the caption of the video she posted. "This is NOT a reaction to the jab. Thank you for your concern."

The-CNN-Wire

™ & © 2022 Cable News Network, Inc., a WarnerMedia Company. All rights reserved.

US Mint begins shipping quarters honoring Maya Angelou

Marguerite Annie Johnson was born on April 4, 1928, and died on May 28, 2014.

WASHINGTON (AP) — The United States Mint said Monday it has begun shipping quarters featuring the image of poet Maya Angelou, the first coins in its American Women Quarters Program.

Angelou, an American author, poet and Civil Rights activist, rose to prominence with the publication of "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings" in 1969. Angelou, who died in 2014 at the age of 86, was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2010 by President Barack Obama.

Keep scrolling to see a list of 50 Black writers whose impact went beyond the page

hypatia-h_cf92dc46ff38c203d0217f1bf3266e26-h_0cb2301993bd947fad7bd80cdfb88062.jpg

Maya Angelou American Women Quarters Program https://www.usmint.gov/news/image-library/american-women-quarters-program

US Mint

The quarter design depicts Angelou with outstretched arms. Behind her are a bird in flight and a rising sun, images inspired by her poetry.

The mint's program will issue 20 quarters over the next four years honoring women and their achievements in shaping the nation's history.

The 5 American women appearing on US quarters in 2022

Maya Angelou, celebrated poet and memoirist

Maya Angelou, celebrated poet and memoirist

Maya Angelou, celebrated poet and memoirist

AP FILE

Wilma Mankiller

Wilma Mankiller

Wilma Mankiller, the Cherokee Nation's first female principal chief

AP FILE

Adelina Otero-Warren

Adelina Otero-Warren

Adelina Otero-Warren, a leader in New Mexico’s suffrage movement

Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division

Sally Ride

Sally Ride

Sally Ride, the first U.S. woman in space

AP FILE

Anna May Wong

Anna May Wong

Anna May Wong, the first Chinese American Hollywood film star

AP FILE

Additional honorees in 2022 will be physicist and first woman astronaut Sally Ride, and Wilma Mankiller, the first female principal chief of the Cherokee Nation. Also honored this year will be Nina Otero-Warren, a leader in New Mexico's suffrage movement and the first female superintendent of Santa Fe public schools, and Anna May Wong, the first Chinese American film star in Hollywood.

Sen. Catherine Cortez Masto, D-Nevada, the Senate sponsor of legislation directing the mint to issue the quarters honoring women, applauded the Mint's selection of Angelou for the first coin.

"This coin will ensure generations of Americans learn about Maya Angelou's books and poetry that spoke to the lived experience of Black women," she said in a statement.

Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, the nation's first female Treasury secretary, said, "Each time we redesign our currency, we have the chance to say something about our country .... I'm very proud that these coins celebrate the contributions of some of America's most remarkable women, including Maya Angelou."

The Biden administration announced soon after taking office a year ago that it planned to replace Andrew Jackson's portrait on the $20 bill with abolitionist Harriet Tubman, a leader in the Underground Railroad. However, since that announcement the administration has provided no further details on its plans.

***

50 Black writers whose impact went beyond the page

50 Black writers whose impact went beyond the page

50 Black writers whose impact went beyond the page

Throughout America's history, African American authors have represented a rich and diverse body of literature. They’ve contributed fiction and nonfiction, novels, short stories, essays, poetry, scholarly articles, academic writing, and everything in between. The narratives they’ve added to American storytelling have shifted perspectives and created new dialogues around race, culture, politics, religion, and sociology. The stories they’ve told—both as creative writers and documentarians—have entertained, educated, and informed. In many cases, their work has gone as far as changing policies, practices, and cultural norms—not to mention shaping how the Black experience is viewed and understood in America.

In the United States, African American literature originated in the 19th century mainly with slave narratives, many told from the perspective of escaped slaves such as Harriet Jacobs or Frederick Douglass. In the 1920s, as Black artists and intellectuals emerged following the Great Migration, the Harlem Renaissance produced prolific authors. Many of these early 20th-century works addressed issues like racism and segregation following the Civil War and Reconstruction Era.

By the middle of the century, Black authors played an important role in laying the foundation for political movements such as American civil rights, Black power, and Black nationalism. Many feminist authors emerged during this time as well who put forward ideas about the relationship between race, sex, and gender. Women like Mary Ann Weathers and Audre Lorde had a profound effect on how these subjects were viewed and discussed. Black feminist thinkers established the mode of analysis of intersectionality, laying an important foundation for the modern feminist movement.

Following the civil rights movement, African American literature became incorporated into the mainstream as novelists like Alice Walker and Toni Morrison wrote best-sellers and began winning prestigious awards. Today, contemporary 21st-century writers like Roxane Gay, Ta-Nehisi Coates, and Colson Whitehead are integral figures in American literature and pop culture.

To celebrate some of the accomplishments of these great authors, Stacker put together a gallery featuring 50 of the writers who’ve had the biggest impact on American life and culture beyond the page. Read on to learn more about these important people.

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Harris & Ewing // Wikimedia Commons

Toni Morrison

Toni Morrison

Among numerous accolades, Toni Morrison was the first Black woman to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993 and the first Black woman to be an editor at Random House. She is most famous for her novel “Beloved,” the story of an escaped enslaved woman who makes the painful decision to kill her daughter to prevent her re-enslavement. Slate columnist Laura Miller wrote of Morrison that she “reshaped the landscape of literature” with stories that “no other novelist, Black or white, attempted.”

PATRICK KOVARIK/AFP // GettyImages

Anna J. Cooper

Anna J. Cooper

Author and Black liberation activist Anna J. Cooper was born into slavery in the 1850s yet earned a doctorate in history from the University of Paris, becoming the fourth African American woman in history to get a doctorate. The early American scholar, who is sometimes referred to as "the mother of Black feminism,” was the first writer to discuss concepts of feminist intersectionality, though it wasn’t called that at the time. The phrase was coined in 1989 by Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw. Cooper's 1892 collection of essays is called “A Voice from the South.” Cooper was a “radical call for a version of racial uplift that centered Black women and girls,” according to Naomi Extra of Vice.

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

James Baldwin

James Baldwin

Best known for his lengthy essays on race, class, and sexuality (although he also wrote novels and plays), James Baldwin was a champion and leading voice of the American civil rights movement. As one of the few openly gay Black activists of this era (along with Bayard Rustin), he fought for LGBTQ+ rights alongside the rights of African Americans. The celebrated author penned his first play before the age of 11 when his teacher directed it at his elementary school. His most famous works include “Notes of a Native Son” and “I Am Not Your Negro.”

Jenkins // Getty Images

Gwendolyn Brooks

Gwendolyn Brooks

The first African American to receive the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry (for her 1949 collection “Annie Allen”), Gwendolyn Brooks was a revered poet and author. The poems in her most famous and critically acclaimed book detailed the life of a young Black girl in Chicago as she grows up and becomes a woman. She’s been praised widely for her work: “Because her poems and fiction are so captivating and faithful to the Black experience, consequently the human experience, Gwendolyn Brooks will continue to be read and be alive,” wrote Angela Jackson for LitHub.

John Mathew Smith // Flickr

Elizabeth Keckley

Elizabeth Keckley

After working as a seamstress and personal dresser to President Abraham Lincoln’s wife, first lady Mary Todd Lincoln, former enslaved woman Elizabeth Keckley wrote a memoir titled, “Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House.” The book detailed her time in the White House and was criticized by some for revealing private information about the Lincolns. In addition to her influence around the White House, the author founded an organization called the Contraband Relief Association that provided resources like food, clothes, and housing to freed slaves.

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Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Robert Abbott

Robert Abbott

The importance of Robert Abbott’s contribution to African American political discourse can’t be overstated. In addition to adding his own articles to the public conversation, the early 20th-century journalist founded The Chicago Defender in 1905, a weekly Black newspaper that covered issues relevant to African Americans at the time. In his own writing, he told captivating stories and encouraged Black people in the South to migrate to the North. “Without Abbott, there would be no ‘Essence,’ no ‘Jet’ (and its Beauty of the Week), no ‘Black Enterprise,’” Martenzie Johnson wrote for “The Undefeated.”

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Richard Wright

Richard Wright

Richard Wright, famous for his memoir “Black Boy” and the novel “Native Son,” among others, is often ranked among the most influential Black writers of the 20th century. In addition to the enormous impact he had on Black American literature, he mentored other writers, among them James Baldwin. “I had identified myself with him long before we met,” Baldwin said after his death. “In a sense by no means metaphysical, his example had helped me to survive. He was Black, he was young, he had come out of Mississippi and the Chicago slums, and he was a writer. He proved it could be done—proved it to me, and gave me an arm against all the others who assured me it could not be done.”

Carl Van Vechten // Wikimedia Commons

Malcolm X

Malcolm X

Often credited with kicking off the Black power movement, Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little; however, he changed his name in prison after joining the Nation of Islam, explaining that he rejected the surname handed down to him by the “white slavemaster.” “The Autobiography of Malcolm X”—which he collaborated on with author Alex Haley—was "one of the most influential books in late-20th-century American culture,” according to cultural historian Howard Bruce Franklin. The vocal Muslim activist, who supported the separation of Blacks and whites (not to be confused with segregation), is sometimes contrasted with Martin Luther King Jr., who advocated for full integration. Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965.

Three Lions/Hulton Archive // Getty Images

Octavia Butler

Octavia Butler

Commonly considered the “foremost Black woman in sci-fi literature,” Octavia Butler, the author of "Bloodchild" and other popular science-fiction books, was the first sci-fi writer to ever get a MacArthur Foundation fellowship. Her books contain radical visions of race and power.  Her life’s work had a huge impact—not only on her genre but in the way she encouraged and mentored young science-fiction writers of color. “Her legacy is larger than just herself or her individual work, more than anyone probably can imagine right now,” author Ayana Jamieson told NBC News.

Nikolas Coukouma // Wikimedia Commons

Toni Cade Bambara

Toni Cade Bambara

On top of being a prolific contemporary writer (known for works such as “The Salt Eaters, “Gorilla, My Love,” and “The Sea Birds Are Still Alive”), Toni Cade Bambara was celebrated for her social consciousness and commitment to making literature accessible. When her book “The Black Woman” came out, for example, she urged her publisher to keep the price affordable so that Black women from all sorts of economic backgrounds could read it. According to “Shondaland” writer Lyndsey Ellis, she “helped create the recipe for Black love and unity as we know it today.”

You may also like: 50 photos of the sports world showing support for Black lives

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Ta-Nehisi Coates

Ta-Nehisi Coates

Although he only published his first book in 2008—and really only became widely known after 2015’s “Between the World and Me”—Ta-Nehisi Coates has swiftly become one of the most influential voices among modern African American writers. He gained a following during his years as a writer for The Atlantic and has now written four books as well as the “Black Panther” comic book series. His work contributes significantly to the current conversation around reparations, systemic racism, and white supremacy.

Anna Webber // Getty Images for The New Yorker

Frances Harper

Frances Harper

Called the “mother of African American journalism,” Frances Harper had a long career that began with a book of poetry and ended half a century later with the publication of her highly acclaimed novel “Iola Leroy” in 1892. The abolitionist and suffragist, who was herself born free, took great risks to help escaped enslaved people navigate the Underground Railroad on their path to freedom. She’s also known for refusing to give up her seat on a segregated trolley car—100 years before Rosa Parks became famous for a similar protest.

Lawson Andrew Scruggs // Wikimedia Commons

James Weldon Johnson

James Weldon Johnson

In addition to authoring “The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man” and numerous poetry collections, James Weldon Johnson was an early leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The human rights activist worked as a U.S. consul under President Theodore Roosevelt and taught literature at the historically Black college Fisk University, extending his impact on America far beyond the page.

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Ida B. Wells

Ida B. Wells

Ida B. Wells was a journalist and activist who brought attention to the lynchings in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th century. Among numerous pieces of investigative journalism, "Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases” exposed many of the cruel and inhuman practices taking place against African Americans at the time, drawing particular attention to the political and economic motivations behind them. The formerly enslaved woman, who was freed under the Emancipation Proclamation, co-owned the “Memphis Free Speech and Headlight” newspaper and was one of the founders of the NAACP.

Mary Garrity // Wikimedia Commons

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Born to previously enslaved parents, poet and playwright Paul Laurence Dunbar was known for his use of the “Negro dialect” in his writing. Among other accomplishments, he wrote the lyrics for 1903’s “In Dahomey,” the first all-Black Broadway musical. His friend, fellow writer James Weldon Johnson, praised his writing: “He was the first to rise to a height from which he could take a perspective view of his own race,” Johnson said. “He was the first to see objectively its humor, its superstitions, its short-comings; the first to feel sympathetically its heart-wounds, its yearnings, its aspirations, and to voice them all in a purely literary form.”

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The African American Experience in Ohio // Wikimedia Commons

Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes

A star of the Harlem Renaissance (then known as the “New Negro Movement”), Langston Hughes wrote critically acclaimed poems, novels, and plays, in addition to insightful weekly columns in The Chicago Defender. He was an early creator of jazz poetry and one of the first Black authors able to successfully earn an income from his writing. “Fifty years after his death, Hughes’ extraordinary lyricism resonates with power to people,” wrote David C. Ward for Smithsonian Magazine.

Carl Van Vechten // Wikimedia Commons

Ishmael Reed

Ishmael Reed

A satirist, Ishmael Reed’s writing has called attention to serious issues in American political culture via humor and parody. He’s also written at least 10 novels and a number of poems, plays, and essays. In the 1960s, Reed co-founded the underground “East Village Other” and was a member of the Umbra Writers Workshop, which helped launch the Black arts movement. His most famous writing is the 1972 novel “Mumbo Jumbo.”

Steve Rhodes // Flickr

Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou

The author of seven autobiographies, along with several books of poetry and essays, Maya Angelou’s work has had a profound effect on the dialogue around race in America. She was inspired to write her most famous book—“I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings”—amid a deep depression following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Fellow author James Baldwin, who was a friend, helped her editor persuade her to write it: “Baldwin told (Random House editor Robert) Loomis that in order to get Angelou to do anything, you have to tell her she can’t do it,” wrote Bené Viera for Timeline. “The reverse psychology worked. She isolated herself in London and began writing.” It was an instant best-seller that’s now taught in high schools and colleges.

Jemal Countess // Getty Images for AWRT

Rosa Parks

Rosa Parks

Although Rosa Parks is most famous for her role as an activist during the Montgomery Bus Boycott, she also wrote an autobiography, as well as a number of notes that were later published. In the latter, she discussed how fierce the pressure was for African Americans to fall into line and not rock the boat, noting that it required a “major mental acrobatic feat” to survive during that era. “She refused to normalize the ability to function under American racism,” wrote Jeanne Theoharis for The Washington Post.

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Amiri Baraka

Amiri Baraka

Amiri Baraka was an outspoken author, poet, and playwright who advocated for Black nationalism and Marxism. His impact spread beyond his writing as he launched Harlem’s Black arts movement (BAM) in the 1960s, several decades after the Harlem Renaissance. Although undoubtedly influential, he was also a controversial figure, particularly regarding his stance on homosexuality, which condemned the behavior.

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David Sasaki // Wikimedia Commons

James Cone

James Cone

James Cone has been called the most important theologian of his time. His 1969 book “Black Theology and Black Power” aligned the philosophies of the Black power movement with the Black church, arguing that Jesus’ message was no different than the political movement with both advocating for the liberation of the oppressed. “Cone upended the theological establishment with his vigorous articulation of God’s radical identification with Black people in the United States,” wrote the Union Seminary. “His eloquent portrayal of Christ’s Blackness shattered dominant white theological paradigms, and ignited a wave of subsequent American liberation theologies.”

Coolhappysteve // Wikimedia Commons

Lorraine Hansberry

Lorraine Hansberry

Author of the famous play “A Raisin in the Sun”—which has been called “one of the most important plays ever written about Chicago” by many—Lorraine Hansberry boasts the title of being the first Black female playwright to have her script performed on Broadway. Hansberry is the inspiration for Nina Simone’s "To Be Young, Gifted and Black.”

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Alex Haley

Alex Haley

Famous for his 1976 novel “Roots: The Saga of an American Family,” Alex Haley is often credited for kickstarting a wave of interest in genealogy and pride in African roots among Black people in America in the 1970s. This was also partly responsible for the growing preference at the time of the term African American, according to novelist Charles Johnson. In addition to “Roots,” Haley also authored “The Autobiography of Malcolm X,” a seminal work in African American literature and political dialogue.

Hilaria McCarthy/Daily Express/Hulton Archive // Getty Images

Barack Obama

Barack Obama

These days, Barack Obama is known first as being the 44th president of the United States; however, he’s a highly accomplished author as well. “Dreams From My Father,” which he published in 1995 before his first Senate campaign, was a widely acclaimed piece of nonfiction that Time columnist Joe Klein said, “may be the best-written memoir ever produced by an American politician.” In 2006, “The Audacity of Hope” became #1 on The New York Times and Amazon best-sellers lists. His latest book, 2020's "A Promised Land," focuses on his first term as president; it's the first of two planned books, the next of which will cover his second term.

Scott Olson // Getty Images

Mary Church Terrell

Mary Church Terrell

In addition to being an excellent writer, Mary Church Terrell was a leading suffragist and civil rights activist. Born in 1863 to freed enslaved people who later became part of the late 19th century’s rising Black upper class, her parents “used their position to fight racial discrimination.” She was a graduate of Oberlin College—one of the first African American women to receive a college degree—and worked as a journalist under the pen name Euphemia Kirk. She wrote for the Washington Post, Washington Evening Star, and the Chicago Defender, among others, and detailed her own experience with racism in her 1940 autobiography, “A Colored Woman in a White World.”

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Addison N. Scurlock // Wikimedia Commons

Frank Marshall Davis

Frank Marshall Davis

Journalist, poet, and activist Frank Marshall Davis was part of a writer’s group—along with other famous authors like Richard Wright and Margaret Walker—that later came to be known as the Black Chicago Renaissance. In addition to writing about race and culture, he covered jazz and music history. Davis was famous in his own right for his many literary accomplishments, though today he’s often remembered for his association with President Barack Obama, who wrote about him in “Dreams From my Father.”

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Roxane Gay

Roxane Gay

Roxane Gay is a modern writer and feminist who’s had an enormous impact on the literary world and feminist thought in the last decade. Her 2014 collection of essays, “Bad Feminist,” was a highly praised New York Times best-seller, which she followed up with two short story collections, a novel, and the memoir “Hunger: A Memoir of (My) Body.” Marisa Meltzer of Elle called Gay a “go-to voice on the ever-roiling front line of gender, race, and politics, and, perhaps most of all, the embodiment of intersectionality.”

TED Conference // Flickr

W.E.B. DuBois

W.E.B. DuBois

W.E.B. DuBois, who’s been called “one of the most influential thinkers and activists of the 19th and 20th centuries,” was an author and civil rights activist who led the Niagara Movement, an equal rights organization in the early 20th century, and was a founder of the NAACP. The author, who was the first African American to earn a doctoral degree from Harvard University, is best known for “Black Reconstruction in America,” a groundbreaking historical narrative that reframed the Reconstruction Era and credited Black people with the “shaping of their own destiny.”

Keystone // Getty Images

Michelle Obama

Michelle Obama

The former president isn’t the only Obama who’s written a best-selling and highly influential memoir. First lady Michelle Obama also made a huge impact with “Becoming,” an insightful and deeply personal look back on her earlier years as well as her time at the White House. In 2018, the book broke records in 15 days, selling more copies than any other book published in the United States that year. On top of her accolades as an author, Michelle Obama has impacted the American public by visiting homeless shelters, advocating for public health campaigns, and championing women’s rights.

MARTIN SYLVEST/Ritzau Scanpix/AFP // Getty Images

William Wells Brown

William Wells Brown

A writer, lecturer, abolitionist, and human right activist all rolled into one, William Wells Brown had a great impact on America in the 19th century. In addition to his pioneering work as a travel writer, the escaped slave was an esteemed playwright—the first African American to be published in several genres, in fact. He was also the author of an extensive historical account of Black people during the Revolutionary War.

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Project Gutenberg // Wikimedia Commons

Sojourner Truth

Sojourner Truth

Sojourner Truth was an abolitionist and women’s rights activist known for her advocacy work; however, she also made several notable contributions to the written word. Although she couldn’t read and write herself, the escaped enslaved woman worked with her friend Olive Gilbert and fellow abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison on a memoir that resulted in 1850’s “The Narrative of Sojourner Truth: a Northern Slave.” The book, combined with her powerful speech known as “Ain’t I a Woman,” both helped shape the dialogue around abolition at the time—and in 2014, Smithsonian Magazine listed her as one of the “100 Most Significant Americans of All Time.”

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Booker T. Washington

Booker T. Washington

There’s no doubt that Booker T. Washington—a former enslaved man and adviser to multiple presidents—had a huge impact on 19th and early 20th-century politics, though some have argued as to whether his influence was positive. The African American community leader, who led Tuskegee University, wrote five books with a ghostwriter including “The Story of My Life and Work” and “Up From Slavery.” Washington was heavily criticized for failing to challenge Jim Crow segregation and encouraging Black people of the time to accept the status quo.

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Phillis Wheatley

Phillis Wheatley

Among many accomplishments, Phillis Wheatley was the first African American to publish a book of poems. The acclaimed poet was born in West Africa in 1753 and sold into slavery as a child. After her enslavers taught her to read and write, she wrote poems about the American Revolution that were later used to support abolition. “Wheatley was not alive to see her poetry make a consequential impact on the abolition of slavery,” wrote Dillon Hartigan of Southern Methodist University. “However, years after the Great Awakening was over and people understood its meaning, Wheatley’s poems were used to fight Southern views towards slavery.”

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Claude McKay

Claude McKay

Poet Claude McKay, a Jamaican immigrant and central figure in the Harlem Renaissance, is famous for his novel “Home to Harlem” which won the Harmon Gold Award for Literature, and other works that influenced later poets like Langston Hughes, shaping how they would use their voice. According to Study.com, McKay “paved the way for Black poets to discuss the conditions and racism that they faced in their poems.”

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Ntozake Shange

Ntozake Shange

Black feminism owes a great deal to Ntozake Shange, a poet and playwright who dealt with topics of race, sexism, and Black power. She’s best known for her 1976 play “For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow Is Enuf” which won a prestigious Obie Award. On top of writing accolades, Shange is responsible for creating the choreopoem and coining the term, which describes a performance art that blends music and dancing with words.

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Zora Neale Hurston

Zora Neale Hurston

In addition to her powerful novels that have garnered myriad accolades, Zora Neale Hurston is remembered as a key figure in the Harlem Renaissance. The artistic and intellectual explosion of 1920s New York produced numerous famous voices of which Hurston is one of the best known. Her most famous novel, “Their Eyes Were Watching God,” was written in 1937 but didn’t achieve literary fame until the 1970s amid the Black arts movement (BAM). In 2019, it was listed by the BBC Arts as one of the “100 Most Influential Novels.”

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bell hooks

bell hooks

An early critic of mainstream feminism, bell hooks has argued, among many things, that racism and sexism are inextricably connected. She’s the author of more than 30 books and academic articles, among which “Ain't I a Woman?: Black women and feminism” and the memoir “Bone Black: Memories of Girlhood” are some of the most well-known.

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Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr.

It’s hard to overstate the enormous impact that human rights activist Martin Luther King. Jr. had on the American civil rights movement. However, some people are less familiar with his writing. The Nobel Peace Prize laureate, who pioneered the non-violence movement of the 1960s, was the author of a number of books including “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story” and “Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or Community?”—not to mention some of the most famous speeches in history.

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Harriet Jacobs

Harriet Jacobs

An escaped enslaved person and passionate abolitionist, Harriet Jacobs is best known for her poignant autobiography “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” which she first published in 1861 under a pseudonym. The book was remarkable for many reasons, one being that is was among the first to discuss the sexual harassment and abuse that female slaves were subjected to. The New Bedford Historical Society called the book “the most important slave narrative written by an African American woman.”

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Colson Whitehead

Colson Whitehead

Colson Whitehead is a highly acclaimed modern writer whose 2016 book “The Underground Railroad” earned him the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. The Pulitzer committee called the book “a smart melding of realism and allegory that combines the violence of slavery and the drama of escape in a myth that speaks to contemporary America.” Whitehead is the author of several other novels and two nonfiction books as well, many of which have also received widespread praise.

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Jessie Redmon Fauset

Jessie Redmon Fauset

Jessie Redmon Fauset, an author-poet and integral figure in the Harlem Renaissance, was the literary editor of the NAACP magazine The Crisis as well as the editor of the children's magazine The Brownies' Book. She published four novels and provided mentorship to well-respected poets such as Claude McKay and Langston Hughes. Numerous historians have called her work and impact on the race dialogue under-appreciated. “A look at Fauset’s entire body of work reveals a writer who is more engaged with modern questions of race, class, and gender than she has been given credit for,” Professor Claire Oberon Garcia of Colorado College told The New Yorker.

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Oprah Winfrey

Oprah Winfrey

Oprah Winfrey’s impact on African Americans in the United States and others has been undeniable. She was the first Black multi-billionaire in North America and also the richest African American of the 20th century, and has been called one of the most influential women in the world more than once. She’s written at least six books, most of them in the self-help genre, inspiring people of all races to live happier, healthier, and more fulfilled lives. She also wrote “Journey to Beloved,” a collection of journal entries and thoughts about her role as Sethe in the 1998 adaptation of Toni Morrison’s “Beloved.”

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Ralph Ellison

Ralph Ellison

Author of the groundbreaking novel “Invisible Man”—which dealt with issues of African American identity, Black nationalism, and Marxism—Ralph Ellison had a huge impact on American thinking and politics in the 1950s and beyond. According to many scholars, he brought a new type of Black character to the page. “Ellison’s view was that the African American culture and sensibility was far from the downtrodden, unsophisticated picture presented by writers, sociologists and politicians, both Black and white,” wrote Anne Seidlitz for PBS. “He posited instead that Blacks had created their own traditions, rituals, and a history that formed a cohesive and complex culture that was the source of a full sense of identity.”

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Angela Davis

Angela Davis

The contributions that Angela Davis has made over the years to American racial discourse have been immeasurable. The writer and human rights activist, who rose to fame in the late 1960s due to her activism and work with the Black Panthers and the Communist Party, is often remembered for her association with a domestic terror attack in Marin Country, California, that killed four people (she was prosecuted for purchasing the firearms but later acquitted by an all-white jury). Her work has contributed mightily to activism around racism and white supremacy, and she’s written more than 10 books exploring issues like feminism, women’s rights, race, class, and social justice.

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Margaret Walker

Margaret Walker

An integral part of the Chicago Black Renaissance, Margaret Walker was a vibrant figure in the literary community of the 1930s and ’40s. Her 1942 poetry collection “For My People” won the prestigious Yale Series of Younger Poets Competition and her 1966 historical novel about the American Civil War titled “Jubilee” was also highly acclaimed. After her death, fellow writer Amiri Baraka wrote: “She was one of the greatest writers of the language. She was the grandest expression of the American poetic voice and the ultimate paradigm of the Afro-American classic literary tradition.”

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Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass was an escaped enslaved man, abolitionist, and suffragist whose writings had an enormous impact on African American discourse in the 19th century and beyond. He was taught to read by a white woman named Lucretia Auld who inherited him as an enslaved person from her father. He, in turn, taught other slaves to read before his escape in 1838. Douglass is the author of multiple autobiographies including the 1845 best-seller “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave” and 1855’s “My Bondage and My Freedom.” In the foreword to the latter, John Stauffer called him “one of the most powerful voices to emerge from the American civil rights movement.”

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Harriet Wilson

Harriet Wilson

Harriet Wilson, who was born free in 1825 but became an indentured servant after being orphaned, was the first African American to publish a novel in the United States. She did so anonymously with a book called “Our Nig” and it wasn’t until the 1980s that a scholar discovered her identity and credited her with the groundbreaking accomplishment. “It turned the literary world on its end, as up to that point it had been widely accepted that the first African American published novelist had been Frances Ellen Watkins Harper,” wrote Carla Garner for BlackPast.org.

GoodReads

Barbara Christian

Barbara Christian

In addition to multiple full-length books, the prolific Barbara Christian, who was a professor of African American Studies at the University of California, Berkeley (and the university’s first Black woman to be granted tenure), penned more than 100 articles. She wrote broadly about race and advocated for literature and academics to be more accessible to women and people of color. In a 2000 New York Times obituary, she was called a “leading critical presence in the growing debates over the relationship among race, class and gender.”

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Alice Walker

Alice Walker

Few contemporary African American authors have achieved the degree of praise and literary acclaim as Alice Walker, author of the 1982 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel “The Color Purple.” In addition to her copious accolades as an author, Walker is a feminist and social activist who is responsible for coining the term “womanist.” On top of her most famous novel, Walker wrote “The Third Life of Grange Copeland” and “Meridian.”

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August Wilson

August Wilson

August Wilson was an esteemed playwright who won two Pulitzer Prizes for his series of 10 plays collectively titled “The Pittsburgh Cycle” (the awards went to “Fences” and “The Piano Lesson”). Each play was set in a different decade and depict different facets of 20th-century African American life. The Courier-Journal’s Betty Baye, speaking to NPR, called him a “miracle of creativity,” noting that he was “a man so unabashedly in love with Black people and so keenly insightful about the complexities of being an African American that he took upon himself the awesome challenge of writing 10 plays about the Black experience, one for each decade of the 20th century.”

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50 Black writers whose impact went beyond the page

50 Black writers whose impact went beyond the page

Throughout America’s history, African American authors have represented a rich and diverse body of literature. They’ve contributed fiction and nonfiction, novels, short stories, essays, poetry, scholarly articles, academic writing, and everything in between. The narratives they’ve added to American storytelling have shifted perspectives and created new dialogues around race, culture, politics, religion, and sociology. The stories they’ve told—both as creative writers and documentarians—have entertained, educated, and informed. In many cases, their work has gone as far as changing policies, practices, and cultural norms—not to mention shaping how the Black experience is viewed and understood in America. In the United States, African American literature originated in the 19th century, mainly with slave narratives, many told from the perspective of escaped slaves such as Harriet Jacobs or Frederick Douglass. In the 1920s, as Black artists and intellectuals emerged following the Great Migration, the Harlem Renaissance produced prolific authors. Many of these early 20th-century works addressed issues like racism and segregation following the Civil War and Reconstruction Era. By the middle of the century, Black authors played an important role in laying the foundation for political causes such as American civil rights and the Black Power and Black nationalism movement. Many feminist authors emerged during this time as well who put forward ideas about the relationship between race, sex, and gender. Women like Mary Ann Weathers and Audre Lorde had a profound effect on how these subjects were viewed and discussed. Black feminist thinkers established the mode of analysis of intersectionality, laying an important foundation for the modern feminist movement. Following the civil rights movement, African American literature became incorporated into the mainstream as novelists like Alice Walker and Toni Morrison wrote bestsellers and began winning prestigious awards. Today, contemporary 21st-century writers like Roxane Gay, Ta-Nehisi Coates, and Colson Whitehead are integral figures in American literature and pop culture. To celebrate some of the accomplishments of these great authors,

Stacker

 put together a gallery featuring 50 Black writers who’ve had the biggest impact on American life and culture beyond the page. Read on to learn more about these important luminaries. You may also like:

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Toni Morrison

Toni Morrison

Among numerous accolades, Toni Morrison was the first Black woman to win the

Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993

and the first Black woman to be an editor at Random House. She is most famous for her novel “Beloved,” the story of an escaped enslaved woman who makes the painful decision to kill her daughter to prevent her re-enslavement. Slate columnist Laura Miller wrote of Morrison that she 

“reshaped the landscape of literature”

with stories that “no other novelist, Black or white, attempted.”

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Anna J. Cooper

Anna J. Cooper

Author and Black liberation activist Anna J. Cooper was born into slavery in the 1850s yet earned a doctorate in history from the University of Paris, becoming the

fourth African American woman in history

to get a doctorate. The early American scholar, who is sometimes referred to as “the mother of Black feminism,” was the first writer to discuss concepts of feminist “intersectionality,” though it wasn’t called that at the time. The phrase was coined in 1989 by

Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw

. Cooper’s 1892 collection of essays is called “A Voice from the South.” Cooper was a “radical call for a version of racial uplift that centered Black women and girls,”

according to Naomi Extra of Vice

.

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James Baldwin

James Baldwin

Best known for his essays on race, class, and sexuality (although he also wrote novels and plays), James Baldwin was a champion and leading voice of the American civil rights movement. As one of the few openly gay Black activists of this era (along with Bayard Rustin), he fought for LGBTQ+ rights alongside the rights of African Americans. The celebrated author penned his first play before the age of 11 when his

teacher directed it

at his elementary school. His most famous works include “Notes of a Native Son” and “I Am Not Your Negro.”

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Gwendolyn Brooks

Gwendolyn Brooks

The first African American to receive the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry (for her 1949 collection “Annie Allen”), Gwendolyn Brooks was a revered poet and author. The poems in her most famous and critically acclaimed book detailed the life of a young Black girl in Chicago as she grows up and becomes a woman. She’s been praised widely for her work: “Because her poems and fiction are so captivating and faithful to the Black experience, consequently the human experience, Gwendolyn Brooks will continue to be read and be alive,”

wrote Angela Jackson for LitHub

.

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Elizabeth Keckley

Elizabeth Keckley

After working as a seamstress and personal dresser to President Abraham Lincoln’s wife, first lady Mary Todd Lincoln, former enslaved woman Elizabeth Keckley wrote a memoir titled, “Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House.” The book

detailed her time in the White House

and was criticized by some for revealing private information about the Lincolns. In addition to her influence around the White House, the author founded an organization called the Contraband Relief Association that provided resources like food, clothes, and housing to freed slaves. You may also like:

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Robert Abbott

Robert Abbott

The importance of Robert Abbott’s contribution to African American political discourse can’t be overstated. In addition to adding his own articles to the public conversation, the early 20th-century journalist founded The Chicago Defender in 1905, a weekly Black newspaper that covered issues relevant to African Americans at the time. In his own writing, he told captivating stories and encouraged Black people in the South to migrate to the North. “Without Abbott, there would be no ‘Essence,’ no ‘Jet’ (and its Beauty of the Week), no ‘Black Enterprise,’”

Martenzie Johnson wrote for “The Undefeated.”
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Richard Wright

Richard Wright

Richard Wright, famous for his memoir “Black Boy” and the novel “Native Son,” among others, is often ranked among the

most influential Black writers of the 20th century

. In addition to the enormous impact he had on Black American literature, he mentored other writers, among them James Baldwin. “I had identified myself with him long before we met,”

Baldwin said of Wright after his death

. “In a sense by no means metaphysical, his example had helped me to survive. He was Black, he was young, he had come out of Mississippi and the Chicago slums, and he was a writer. He proved it could be done—proved it to me, and gave me an arm against all the others who assured me it could not be done.”

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Malcolm X

Malcolm X

Often credited with kicking off the Black Power movement, Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little; however, he changed his name in prison after joining the Nation of Islam, explaining that he rejected the surname handed down to him by the “white slavemaster.” “The Autobiography of Malcolm X”—which he collaborated on with author Alex Haley—was “one of the most influential books in late-20th-century American culture,”

according to cultural historian Howard Bruce Franklin

. The vocal Muslim activist, who supported the

separation of Blacks and whites

(not to be confused with segregation), is sometimes contrasted with Martin Luther King Jr., who advocated for full integration. Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965.

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Octavia Butler

Octavia Butler

Commonly considered the

“foremost Black woman in sci-fi literature,

” Octavia Butler, the author of “Bloodchild” and other popular science fiction books, was the first sci-fi writer to ever get a MacArthur Foundation fellowship. Her books contain radical visions of race and power. Her life’s work had a huge impact—not only on her genre but in the way she encouraged and mentored young science-fiction writers of color. “Her legacy is larger than just herself or her individual work, more than anyone probably can imagine right now,” author Ayana Jamieson told NBC News.

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Toni Cade Bambara

Toni Cade Bambara

On top of being a prolific contemporary writer (known for works such as “The Salt Eaters, “Gorilla, My Love,” and “The Sea Birds Are Still Alive”), Toni Cade Bambara was celebrated for her social consciousness and commitment to making literature accessible. When her book “The Black Woman” came out, for example, she urged her publisher to keep the price affordable so that Black women from all sorts of economic backgrounds could read it.

According to Shondaland writer Lyndsey Ellis,

she “helped create the recipe for Black love and unity as we know it today.” You may also like: 

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Ta-Nehisi Coates

Ta-Nehisi Coates

Although he only published his first book in 2008—and really only became widely known after 2015’s “Between the World and Me”—Ta-Nehisi Coates has swiftly become one of the most influential voices among modern African American writers. He gained a following during his years as a writer for The Atlantic and has now written four books as well as the “Black Panther” comic book series. His work contributes significantly to the current conversation around reparations, systemic racism, and white supremacy.

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Frances Harper

Frances Harper

Called the

“mother of African American journalism,”

Frances Harper had a long career that began with a book of poetry and ended half a century later with the publication of her highly acclaimed novel, “Iola Leroy,” in 1892. The abolitionist and suffragist, who was herself born free, took great risks to help escaped enslaved people navigate the Underground Railroad on their path to freedom. She’s also known for refusing to give up her seat on a segregated trolley car—100 years before Rosa Parks became famous for a similar protest.

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James Weldon Johnson

James Weldon Johnson

In addition to authoring “The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man” and numerous poetry collections, James Weldon Johnson was an early leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The human rights activist worked as a U.S. consul under President Theodore Roosevelt and taught literature at the historically Black college Fisk University, extending his impact on America far beyond the page.

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Ida B. Wells

Ida B. Wells

Ida B. Wells was a journalist and activist who brought attention to the lynchings in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th century. Among numerous pieces of investigative journalism, “Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases” exposed many of the cruel and inhuman practices taking place against African Americans at the time, drawing particular attention to the political and economic motivations behind them. The formerly enslaved woman, who was freed under the Emancipation Proclamation, co-owned the “Memphis Free Speech and Headlight” newspaper and was one of the founders of the NAACP.

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Paul Laurence Dunbar

Paul Laurence Dunbar

Born to previously enslaved parents, poet and playwright Paul Laurence Dunbar was known for his use of the “Negro dialect” in his writing. Among other accomplishments, he wrote the lyrics for 1903’s “In Dahomey,” the first all-Black Broadway musical. His friend, fellow writer James Weldon Johnson, praised his writing. “He was the first to rise to a height from which he could take a perspective view of his own race,”

Johnson said

. “He was the first to see objectively its humor, its superstitions, its short-comings; the first to feel sympathetically its heart-wounds, its yearnings, its aspirations, and to voice them all in a purely literary form.” You may also like: 

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Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes

A star of the Harlem Renaissance (then known as the “New Negro Movement”), Langston Hughes wrote critically acclaimed poems, novels, and plays, in addition to insightful weekly columns in The Chicago Defender. He was an early creator of jazz poetry and one of the first Black authors able to successfully earn an income from his writing. “Fifty years after his death, Hughes’ extraordinary lyricism resonates with power to people,”

wrote David C. Ward for Smithsonian Magazine

.

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Ishmael Reed

Ishmael Reed

A satirist, Ishmael Reed’s writing has called attention to serious issues in American political culture via humor and parody. He’s also written at least 10 novels and a number of poems, plays, and essays. In the 1960s, Reed co-founded the underground “East Village Other” and was a member of the Umbra Writers Workshop, which helped launch the Black Arts Movement. His most famous writing is the 1972 novel “Mumbo Jumbo.”

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Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou

The author of seven autobiographies, along with several books of poetry and essays, Maya Angelou’s work has had a profound effect on the dialogue around race in America. She was inspired to write her most famous book, “I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings,” amid a deep depression following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Fellow author James Baldwin, who was a friend,

helped her editor persuade her to write it

: “Baldwin told [Robert Loomis] that in order to get Angelou to do anything, you have to tell her she can’t do it,” wrote Bené Viera for Timeline. “The reverse psychology worked. She isolated herself in London and began writing.” It was an instant bestseller that’s now taught in high schools and colleges.

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Rosa Parks

Rosa Parks

Although Rosa Parks is most famous for her role as an activist during the Montgomery Bus Boycott, she also wrote an autobiography, as well as a number of notes that were later published. In the latter, she discussed how fierce the pressure was for African Americans to fall into line and not rock the boat, noting that it

required a “major mental acrobatic feat”

to survive during that era. “She refused to normalize the ability to function under American racism,”

wrote Jeanne Theoharis for The Washington Post

.

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Amiri Baraka

Amiri Baraka

Amiri Baraka was an outspoken author, poet, and playwright who advocated for Black nationalism and Marxism. His impact spread beyond his writing as he launched Harlem’s Black Arts Movement in the 1960s, several decades after the Harlem Renaissance. Although undoubtedly influential, he was also a

controversial figure

, particularly regarding his stance on homosexuality, which condemned the behavior. You may also like:

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James Cone

James Cone

James Cone has been called the

most important theologian of his time

. His 1969 book, “Black Theology and Black Power,” aligned the philosophies of the Black Power movement with the Black church, arguing that Jesus’ message was no different than the political movement with both advocating for the liberation of the oppressed. “Cone upended the theological establishment with his vigorous articulation of God’s radical identification with Black people in the United States,”

wrote the Union Seminary

. “His eloquent portrayal of Christ’s Blackness shattered dominant white theological paradigms, and ignited a wave of subsequent American liberation theologies.”

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Lorraine Hansberry

Lorraine Hansberry

Author of the famous play “A Raisin in the Sun”—which has been called 

“one of the most important plays ever written about Chicago”

—Lorraine Hansberry boasts the title of being the

first Black female playwright

to have her script performed on Broadway. Hansberry is the inspiration for Nina Simone’s “To Be Young, Gifted and Black.”

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Alex Haley

Alex Haley

Famous for his 1976 novel “Roots: The Saga of an American Family,” Alex Haley is often credited for kickstarting a wave of interest in genealogy and pride in African roots among Black people in America in the 1970s. This was also partly responsible for the growing preference at the time of the term African American,

according to novelist Charles Johnson

. In addition to “Roots,” Haley also authored “The Autobiography of Malcolm X,” a seminal work in African American literature and political dialogue.

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Barack Obama

Barack Obama

These days, Barack Obama is known first as the 44th president of the United States; however, he’s a highly accomplished author as well. “Dreams From My Father,” which he published in 1995 before his first Senate campaign, was a widely acclaimed piece of nonfiction that

Time columnist Joe Klein hailed

 as “the best-written memoir ever produced by an American politician.” In 2006, Obama’s “The Audacity of Hope” became #1 on

The New York Times

 bestseller list. His follow-up, 2020’s “A Promised Land,” focuses on his first term as president; it’s the first of two planned books, the next of which will cover his second term.

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Mary Church Terrell

Mary Church Terrell

In addition to being an excellent writer, Mary Church Terrell was a leading suffragist and civil rights activist. Born in 1863 to freed enslaved people who later became part of the late 19th century’s rising Black upper class, her parents “

used their position to fight racial discrimination

.” She was a graduate of Oberlin College—one of the first African American women to receive a college degree, in fact—and worked as a journalist under the pen name Euphemia Kirk. She wrote for The Washington Post, the Washington Evening Star, and the Chicago Defender, among others, and detailed her own experience with racism in her 1940 autobiography, “A Colored Woman in a White World.” You may also like:

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Frank Marshall Davis

Frank Marshall Davis

Journalist, poet, and activist Frank Marshall Davis was part of a writer’s group—along with other famous authors like Richard Wright and Margaret Walker—that later came to be known as the Black Chicago Renaissance. In addition to writing about race and culture, Davis covered jazz and music history. He was famous in his own right for his many literary accomplishments, though he’s often remembered today for his association with former President Barack Obama, who wrote about him in “Dreams from My Father.”

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Roxane Gay

Roxane Gay

Roxane Gay is a modern writer and feminist who’s had an enormous impact on the literary world and feminist thought in the last decade. Her 2014 collection of essays, “Bad Feminist,” was a highly praised New York Times bestseller, and was followed by two short story collections, a novel, and the memoir “Hunger: A Memoir of (My) Body.” 

Marisa Meltzer of Elle called Gay

a “go-to voice on the ever-roiling front line of gender, race, and politics, and, perhaps most of all, the embodiment of intersectionality.”

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W.E.B. DuBois

W.E.B. DuBois

W.E.B. DuBois, who’s been called

“one of the most influential thinkers and activists of the 19th and 20th centuries,”

was an author and civil rights activist who led the Niagara Movement, an equal rights organization in the early 20th century, and was a founder of the NAACP. The author, who was the first African American to earn a doctoral degree from Harvard University, is best known for “Black Reconstruction in America,” a groundbreaking historical narrative that reframed the Reconstruction Era and credited Black people with the “shaping of their own destiny.”

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Michelle Obama

Michelle Obama

The former president isn’t the only Obama who’s written a bestselling and highly influential memoir. Former first lady Michelle Obama also made a huge impact with “Becoming,” an insightful and deeply personal look back on her earlier years as well as her time at the White House. In 2018, the

book broke records

in 15 days, selling more copies than any other book published in the United States that year. On top of her accolades as an author, Michelle Obama has impacted the American public by visiting homeless shelters, advocating for public health campaigns, and championing women’s rights.

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William Wells Brown

William Wells Brown

A writer, lecturer, abolitionist, and human right activist all rolled into one, William Wells Brown had a great impact on America in the 19th century. In addition to his pioneering work as a travel writer, the escaped slave was an esteemed playwright—the

first African American to be published in several genres

, in fact. He was also the author of an extensive historical account of Black people during the Revolutionary War. You may also like: 

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Sojourner Truth

Sojourner Truth

Sojourner Truth was an abolitionist and women’s rights activist known for her advocacy work; however, she also made several notable contributions to the written word. Although she couldn’t read and write herself, the escaped enslaved woman worked with her friend Olive Gilbert and fellow abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison on a memoir that resulted in 1850’s “The Narrative of Sojourner Truth: a Northern Slave.” The book, combined with her powerful speech, “Ain’t I A Woman,” both helped shape the dialogue around abolition at the time—and in 2014, Smithsonian Magazine featured her on its 

100 Most Significant Americans of All Time list

.

Randall Studio // Wikimedia Commons

Booker T. Washington

Booker T. Washington

There’s no doubt that Booker T. Washington—a former enslaved man and adviser to multiple presidents—had a huge impact on 19th- and early 20th-century politics, though some have argued as to whether his influence was positive. The African American community leader, who led Tuskegee University, wrote five books with a ghostwriter including “The Story of My Life and Work” and “Up From Slavery.” Washington was heavily criticized for

failing to challenge Jim Crow segregation

and encouraging Black people of the time to accept the status quo.

Harris & Ewing // Wikimedia Commons

Phillis Wheatley

Phillis Wheatley

Among many accomplishments, Phillis Wheatley was the

first African American to publish a book of poems

. The acclaimed poet was born in West Africa in 1753 and sold into slavery as a child. After her enslavers taught her to read and write, she wrote poems about the American Revolution that were later used to support abolition. “Wheatley was not alive to see her poetry make a consequential impact on the abolition of slavery,”

wrote Dillon Hartigan of Southern Methodist University

. “However, years after the Great Awakening was over and people understood its meaning, Wheatley’s poems were used to fight Southern views towards slavery.”

Darryl Kenyon // Flickr

Claude McKay

Claude McKay

Poet Claude McKay, a Jamaican immigrant and central figure in the Harlem Renaissance, is famous for his novel “Home to Harlem,” which won the Harmon Gold Award for Literature, and other works that influenced later poets like Langston Hughes, shaping how they would use their voice. Today,

McKay is regarded

for having “paved the way for Black poets to discuss the conditions and racism that they faced in their poems.”

James L. Allen // Wikimedia Commons

Ntozake Shange

Ntozake Shange

Black feminism owes a great deal to Ntozake Shange, a poet and playwright who dealt with topics of race, sexism, and Black power. She’s best known for her 1976 play “For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow Is Enuf,” which won the prestigious Obie Award. On top of writing accolades, Shange is

responsible for creating the “choreopoem”

and coining the term, which describes a performance art that blends music and dancing with words. You may also like:

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Stephen Lovekin // Getty Images

Zora Neale Hurston

Zora Neale Hurston

In addition to her powerful novels that have garnered myriad accolades, Zora Neale Hurston is remembered as a key figure in the Harlem Renaissance. The artistic and intellectual explosion of 1920s New York produced numerous famous voices of which Hurston is one of the best known. Her most famous novel, “Their Eyes Were Watching God,” was written in 1937 but didn’t achieve literary fame until the 1970s amid the Black Arts Movement. In 2019, Hurston’s novel appeared on BBC Arts’ 

100 Most Influential Novels list

.

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Bell Hooks

Bell Hooks

An early critic of mainstream feminism, Gloria Jean Watkins, known professionally by her stage name bell hooks, has argued, among many things, that racism and sexism are inextricably connected. She’s the author of more than 30 books and academic articles, among which “Ain’t I a Woman?: Black Women and Feminism” and the memoir “Bone Black: Memories of Girlhood” are some of the most well-known.

Cmongirl // Wikimedia Commons

Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr.

It’s hard to overstate the enormous impact that human rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. had on the American civil rights movement. However, some people are less familiar with his writing. The Nobel Peace Prize laureate, who pioneered the non-violence movement of the 1960s, was the author of a number of books including “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story” and “Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or Community?”—not to mention some of the most

famous speeches in history

.

AFP // Getty Images

Harriet Jacobs

Harriet Jacobs

An escaped enslaved person and passionate abolitionist, Harriet Jacobs is best known for her poignant autobiography “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” which she first published in 1861 under a pseudonym. The book was remarkable for many reasons, one being that it was among the first to discuss the sexual harassment and abuse female slaves suffered. The New Bedford Historical Society called the book

“the most important slave narrative written by an African American woman.”
Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Colson Whitehead

Colson Whitehead

Colson Whitehead is a highly acclaimed modern writer whose 2016 book, “The Underground Railroad,” and 2019’s “The Nickel Boys,” earned him two Pulitzer Prize for Fiction awards. The

Pulitzer committee called the former

 “a smart melding of realism and allegory that combines the violence of slavery and the drama of escape in a myth that speaks to contemporary America.” Whitehead is the author of several other novels and two nonfiction books as well, many of which have also received widespread praise. You may also like:

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editrrix // Wikimedia Commons

Jessie Redmon Fauset

Jessie Redmon Fauset

Jessie Redmon Fauset, an author-poet and integral figure in the Harlem Renaissance, was the literary editor of the NAACP magazine The Crisis, as well as the editor of the children's magazine, The Brownies’ Book. She published four novels and provided mentorship to well-respected poets such as Claude McKay and Langston Hughes. Numerous historians have called her work and impact on the race dialogue under-appreciated. “A look at Fauset’s entire body of work reveals a writer who is more engaged with modern questions of race, class, and gender than she has been given credit for,” Professor Claire Oberon Garcia of Colorado College

said of Fauset to The New Yorker

.

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Oprah Winfrey

Oprah Winfrey

Oprah Winfrey’s impact on African Americans in the United States and others has been undeniable. She was the first Black multi-billionaire in North America and also the richest African American of the 20th century, and has been called one of the 

most influential women in the world

 more than once. She’s written multiple books, most of them in the self-help genre, inspiring people of all races to live happier, healthier, and more fulfilled lives. She also wrote “Journey to Beloved,” a collection of journal entries and thoughts about her role as Sethe in the 1998 adaptation of Toni Morrison’s novel “Beloved.”

ason Koerner // Getty Images

Ralph Ellison

Ralph Ellison

Author of the groundbreaking novel “Invisible Man”—which dealt with issues of African American identity, Black nationalism, and Marxism—Ralph Ellison had a huge impact on American thinking and politics in the 1950s and beyond. According to many scholars, he brought a new type of Black character to the page. “Ellison’s view was that the African-American culture and sensibility was far from the downtrodden, unsophisticated picture presented by writers, sociologists and politicians at the time, both black and white,”

wrote Anne Seidlitz for PBS

. “He posited instead that Blacks had created their own traditions, rituals, and a history that formed a cohesive and complex culture that was the source of a full sense of identity.”

United States Information Agency // Wikimedia Commons

Angela Davis

Angela Davis

The contributions that Angela Davis has made over the years to American racial discourse have been immeasurable. The writer and human rights activist, who rose to fame in the late 1960s due to her activism and work with the Black Panthers and the Communist Party, is often remembered for her association with a domestic terror attack in Marin Country, California, that killed four people (she was

prosecuted for purchasing the firearms but later acquitted

 by an all-white jury). Her work has contributed mightily to activism around racism and white supremacy, and she’s written more than 10 books exploring issues like feminism, women’s rights, race, class, and social justice.

Frederick M. Brown // Getty Images

Margaret Walker

Margaret Walker

An integral part of the Chicago Black Renaissance, Margaret Walker was a vibrant figure in the literary community of the 1930s and ’40s. Her 1942 poetry collection, “For My People,” won the prestigious Yale Series of Younger Poets Competition and her 1966 historical novel about the American Civil War, titled “Jubilee,” was also highly acclaimed. After her death, fellow writer

Amiri Baraka wrote of Walker

: “She was one of the greatest writers of the language. She was the grandest expression of the American poetic voice and the ultimate paradigm of the Afro-American classic literary tradition.”

Schlesinger Library/RIAS/Harvard University // Wikimedia Commons

Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass was an escaped enslaved man, abolitionist, and suffragist whose writings had an enormous impact on African American discourse in the 19th century and beyond. He was taught to read by a white woman named Lucretia Auld who inherited him as an enslaved person from her father. He, in turn, taught other slaves to read before his escape in 1838. Douglass is the author of multiple autobiographies including the 1845 bestseller “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave” and 1855’s “My Bondage and My Freedom.” In the foreword to the latter,

John Stauffer called Douglass

“one of the most powerful voices to emerge from the American civil rights movement.”

George Kendall Warren // Wikimedia Commons

Harriet Wilson

Harriet Wilson

Harriet Wilson, who was born free in 1825 but became an indentured servant after being orphaned, was the

first African American to publish a novel in the United States

. She did so anonymously with a book called “Our Nig” and it wasn’t until the 1980s that a scholar discovered her identity and credited her with the groundbreaking accomplishment. “It turned the literary world on its end, as up to that point it had been widely accepted that the first African American published novelist had been Frances Ellen Watkins Harper,”

wrote Carla Garner for BlackPast.org

.

GoodReads

Barbara Christian

Barbara Christian

In addition to multiple full-length books, the prolific Barbara Christian, a professor of African American Studies at the University of California, Berkeley (and the

university’s first Black woman to be granted tenure

), penned more than 100 articles. She wrote broadly about race and advocated for literature and academics to be more accessible to women and people of color.

In a 2000 New York Times obituary,

she was called a “leading critical presence in the growing debates over the relationship among race, class and gender.”

Unknown // Wikimedia Commons

Alice Walker

Alice Walker

Few contemporary African American authors have achieved the degree of praise and literary acclaim as Alice Walker, author of the 1982 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel “The Color Purple.” In addition to her copious accolades as an author, Walker is a feminist and social activist who is

responsible for coining the term “womanist.”

On top of her most famous novel, Walker wrote other works such as “The Third Life of Grange Copeland” and “Meridian.

Mark Sagliocco // Getty Images

August Wilson

August Wilson

August Wilson was an esteemed playwright who won two Pulitzer Prizes for his series of 10 plays collectively titled “The Pittsburgh Cycle” (the awards went to “Fences” and “The Piano Lesson”). Each play was set in a different decade and depict different facets of 20th-century African American life. The Courier-Journal’s

Betty Baye, speaking to NPR, called Wilson

a “miracle of creativity,” noting that he was “a man so unabashedly in love with Black people and so keenly insightful about the complexities of being an African American that he took upon himself the awesome challenge of writing 10 plays about the Black experience, one for each decade of the 20th century.” You may also like:

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Brad Barket // Getty Images

Court upholds firing of LAPD officers who ignored robbery to play Pokémon Go

LOS ANGELES — A California appeals court has upheld the firing of two Los Angeles police officers who were caught playing Pokémon Go instead of responding to a robbery at the Crenshaw Mall in 2017, court records show.

The California Court of Appeal in its ruling Friday affirmed an earlier decision by a lower court that the Los Angeles Police Department's decision to fire the two officers was justified. In doing so, it rejected a claim by the officers that the department had improperly used a digital in-car video recording of their private conversations in order to prove their misconduct, and another that they were improperly subjected to questioning about their actions by a supervisor without legal or labor representation present.

The decision is the latest in a years-old case that drew outrage from police officials, led to unanimous verdicts by administrative panels that Officers Louis Lozano and Eric Mitchell should be fired, and then slowly made its way through the courts as the officers waged a legal battle to overturn their terminations.

Greg Yacoubian, an attorney for the officers, said they "obviously are disappointed" in the ruling and were "considering how to proceed."

City Attorney Mike Feuer's office did not respond to requests for comment Monday.

The incident occurred on a busy day in April 2017 when Lozano and Mitchell were assigned to a foot beat patrol in the Crenshaw area and there were "more calls than police cars available to respond," according to court records.

When a call for a robbery in progress with multiple suspects at the Crenshaw Mall came in, a captain in the area responded, but Lozano and Mitchell, who were also in the area, did not — raising questions as to their whereabouts from their patrol supervisor, Sgt. Jose Gomez.

Gomez radioed Lozano and Mitchell to see whether they could respond to the mall but got no response, according to court records. Later, Gomez questioned Lozano and Mitchell about the incident, and they said they had been in a park with loud music engaging with community members and hadn't heard the radio call.

Gomez, "still uneasy" about the incident the next day, decided to review the in-car video from Lozano and Mitchell's vehicle to see what was going on, according to court records. From that video, he determined the officers had heard the radio call, discussed it and decided not to respond.

"Aw screw it," Lozano allegedly said, according to court records.

A subsequent internal affairs investigation revealed the officers were instead playing Pokémon Go at the time, court records said. The game uses geolocation technology to prompt players to look for Pokémon creatures within their actual physical surroundings, and then "capture" them.

The in-car video showed that five minutes after Lozano said "screw it," Mitchell alerted Lozano that a specific Pokémon character known as a "Snorlax" was projected as being nearby in the game. The video then showed the officers "discussing Pokémon" for the next 20 minutes "as they drove to different locations where the virtual creatures apparently appeared on their mobile phones," court records said.

The officers gave various excuses for their actions, according to the court records, including that the captain who had responded to the robbery had not requested backup. However, police officials nonetheless charged the officers with multiple counts of misconduct, according to court records — including for failing to respond to a robbery in progress, making misleading statements to supervisors and investigators, and playing Pokémon Go while on patrol in their police vehicle.

The officers pleaded guilty to not responding to the radio call but not guilty to the other counts. They denied they were playing Pokémon Go, but admitted leaving their foot beat to find the "Snorlax" — which they alternately claimed they were doing as part of a "social media event" related to the game, as part of an "extra patrol," and to "chase this mythical creature," according to court records.

Disciplinary boards that heard the cases against the officers in closed-door disciplinary hearings ruled unanimously against them — finding that they were "disingenuous and deceitful in their remarks" to investigators, and that their decision to play the game while on duty "violated the trust of the public" and represented "unprofessional and embarrassing behavior," according to court records.

The officers were fired in line with the recommendations of the boards, prompting their legal challenges.

On Friday, the appeals court found those challenges without merit.

The court found the department's use of the in-car video justified — and that "it would be preposterous to require commanding officers and internal affairs investigators to ignore evidence of 'criminal or egregious misconduct' simply because it was unintentionally captured" in such recordings.

The court also rejected the officers' claim that their rights were violated when their supervisor had questioned them about their actions without legal or labor representatives on hand, finding that those questions had been raised as part of the supervisor's normal course of work, before the officers' misconduct was known or the internal investigation had begun.

Yacoubian on Monday said the officers still contend that the LAPD broke its own rules by using the recording of the officers' private conversations in their patrol car against them, and that they should not have been fired based on such private communications.

"The department did not adhere to its own rules," Yacoubian said. "Do the ends justify the means?"

___

©2022 Los Angeles Times. Visit at latimes.com. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

Oreo is celebrating its 110th birthday with a first-ever flavor

Oreo is celebrating its 110th birthday with a first-ever flavor

Oreo Cookies, pictured here, on May 13, 2003 in San Francisco, is trying something totally new for its 110th birthday and it's releasing a special flavor it calls Chocolate Confetti Cake.

Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

Oreo is trying something totally new for its 110th birthday.

For the celebratory occasion, Oreo is releasing a special flavor it calls Chocolate Confetti Cake. It has sprinkles galore. The cookies themselves are filled with sprinkles and have two layers of filling: the signature creme flavor, pumped with sprinkles, and a chocolate-cake flavored creme.

Oreo said that it's the first-time it has used sprinkles both in and on the cookie. Retailers will start selling the celebratory treats January 31 for a limited time.

Oreo will mark its birthday on March 6. The popular snack was first sold on that date in 1912 by the National Biscuit Company to a grocery store in Hoboken, New Jersey.

We miss these foods! For this list, we'll be ranking the most deliciously missed snack foods that have tragically fallen by the wayside.

Since then, Oreo has regularly released special varieties to keep the product fresh, including a Lady Gaga flavor and, most recently, toffee crunch and an ultimate chocolate-flavored creme cookie.

Owned by Mondelez, Oreo continues to be a money maker. The latest limited-edition flavor is part of the company's goal to increase sales by $1 billion in the next year. In its November 2021 earnings call, Mondelez said that Oreo "continues to be a standout performer" and that its Pokémon Oreo was the company's fastest-selling flavor in the United States.

The company also said that it's increasing prices of Oreos and its other brands, such as Chips Ahoy, by 6% to 7% beginning this month.

***

10 plant-based desserts

10 plant-based desserts

10 plant-based desserts

Plant-based eating has grown in popularity. Eating a plant-based diet simply means eating foods mainly from plant sources such as seeds, nuts, legumes, fruits, beans, whole grains, and vegetables. Although plant-based diets involve zero animal products, many people incorporate plant-based meals into a diet that also includes occasional meat, dairy, and other animal-based products. The rise in plant-based foods has been supported by Gallup research, which found plant-based food sales rose by 8.1% in 2017 and totaled more than $3.1 billion in 2018.

The increase in popularity can be attributed in part to the many health benefits of a plant-based diet, which can lower blood pressure, improve heart health, and help in the prevention of Type 2 diabetes. It also may lower the risk of cancer. For many people, though, plant-based diets are a way to move away from eating animal products and processed foods altogether.

With the holidays approaching, Almond Cow compiled a list of 10 plant-based desserts that will satisfy anyone's sweet tooth, using recipes from Allrecipes and Almond Cow’s own repository.

These recipes include both traditional favorites and newer modern takes. While many of the listed recipes are vegan, vegan baking substitutes are also included. Dairy substitutes for vegan baking, for instance, involve swapping out dairy butter for coconut oil, olive oil, or vegan butter, or using soy milk, coconut milk, or almond milk in place of cow’s milk. Eggs can be replaced with applesauce, flaxseed, banana, or aquafaba (the liquid in which legume seeds, like chickpeas, have been cooked).

Read on to discover 10 delicious plant-based desserts to enjoy with friends and family this holiday season.

Canva

Chocolate Fudge

Chocolate Fudge

A plant-based version of a holiday mainstay, this decadent chocolate treat requires just five simple ingredients. The easy-to-follow directions feature three basic steps: This recipe moves from saucepan to loaf pan to oven to refrigerator. While this chocolate fudge calls for cashew milk, any plant-based milk will do, such as coconut milk, almond milk, soy milk, and rice milk. After setting, any leftovers can be stored in the refrigerator in an airtight container to be enjoyed later.

Almond Cow

Chocolate Peppermint Cookie Sandwiches

Chocolate Peppermint Cookie Sandwiches

While this recipe is a bit intricate, these chocolate peppermint sandwich cookies are well worth the time. The cookies and buttercream are prepared separately. Before marrying the two together, the cookies must cool completely. For a neater alternative to crushed candy canes, substitute with a container of vegan and gluten-free crushed peppermint candy. This treat is best enjoyed with a cup of plant-based milk in front of a toasty holiday fire.

Almond Cow

Mint-Chip Coconut Milk Ice Cream

Mint-Chip Coconut Milk Ice Cream

This dairy-free ice cream offers a refreshing and cool dessert that is not overly sweet. The simple recipe also allows for additions and substitutions, like swapping out dark chocolate for semi-sweet chips. Agave syrup also has several substitutions, including brown rice syrup and maple syrup. Even coconut nectar can work as a wonderful substitution that offers the consistency of syrup and a slightly lower glycemic index than agave. This treat can be frozen and blended if you don’t have an ice cream maker on hand. Once frozen, this ice cream can be topped with berries or shredded coconut.

Canva

No-Bake Chocolate Oatmeal Cookies

No-Bake Chocolate Oatmeal Cookies

In under an hour, these simple cookies can be prepared and ready as the follow-up to a delicious plant-based meal. Thicken things up by adding an extra 1/2 cup of oatmeal. Substitutions are easy as well, using vegan butter in place of vegetable oil. Agave and coconut nectar serve as lower glycemic index substitutions for maple syrup. Even better, these versatile cookies can also be made into a macaroon-type cookie, simply by adding more coconut.

Canva

Orange Vegan Cake

Orange Vegan Cake

This recipe proves that it’s possible to make a cake without eggs or milk. With food allergies on the rise, particularly to eggs and dairy, this orange vegan cake lets those with food allergies enjoy a dessert they often can’t. After blending the orange to make orange juice, simply mix all the ingredients in a large bowl before spreading them into a greased pan. Adding a bit of orange zest to the recipe gives this cake an extra shot of flavor. Not only does orange zest add flavor, but it also has health benefits like aiding digestion and offering a fantastic source of vitamin A and calcium.

Anna Puzatykh // Shutterstock

Pumpkin Tart

Pumpkin Tart

Nothing says fall like pumpkin-flavored treats. This perfect pumpkin tart requires several steps and a food processor. The almond pulp the recipe calls for comes from almond milk. When preparing to make this dessert, there are two important things to remember: Cashews should be soaked overnight or for at least four hours, and any excess liquid should be squeezed out and discarded. The tart should be allowed to set for an hour and can be served immediately after. Leftovers stored in an airtight container can keep for two days.

Almond Cow

Salted Caramel Ice Cream

Salted Caramel Ice Cream

Leftover cashew pulp can be used to make this rich and tasty ice cream. Perfect for any season, this dessert can be processed or blended before being churned in an ice cream maker. Though prep time is brief at 15 minutes, the delicious concoction should be covered and allowed to freeze for three to four hours before eating. This recipe makes five to seven servings—perfect for a party or after a family dinner. Top it with nuts or serve with vegan wafers or sugar cones.

Canva

Vegan Chocolate Cake

Vegan Chocolate Cake

This traditional favorite can be made in just three easy steps. Substitutions can include rice flour in place of all-purpose flour and melted coconut oil, which can be used as a substitute for vegetable oil. Double the recipe to create a two-layer version of this vegan chocolate cake for birthdays or other large gatherings. Another option is to make this recipe as cupcakes, which can yield a dozen moist cupcakes with cupcake tins filled two-thirds of the way.

Daniel Zappe // Shutterstock

Vegan Toasted Coconut Truffles

Vegan Toasted Coconut Truffles

While these flavorful truffles served with an almond, coconut, and Medjool date base can be enjoyed right after they are made, they taste best if allowed to harden in the refrigerator for about an hour. If dates aren’t appealing, they can be substituted with several other plant-based foods like dried apricots or dried cranberries. The number of dates can also be increased to add a richer, caramel taste. And sea salt can be used instead of regular salt for a kick of flavor. This fiber-rich recipe offers 13.7 grams of dietary fiber.

Canva

White Chocolate Berry Tart

White Chocolate Berry Tart

White chocolate-lovers will delight in this white chocolate berry tart, which yields eight to 10 slices. To prepare, the coconut milk should be refrigerated overnight. Overnight preparation also includes soaking cashews in water. After the tart sets in the refrigerator for two to three hours, top it with vegan white chocolate chips or fresh berries. Leftovers can be stored for up to three days as long as they are refrigerated.

This story originally appeared on Almond Cow and was produced and distributed in partnership with Stacker Studio.

Almond Cow

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