LOS ANGELES - Years of trying to do too many things with too little money have put NASA at risk of ceding its leadership in space exploration to other nations, according to a new report that calls on the space agency to make some wrenching decisions about its long-term strategy and future scope.
At a time when other countries - including some potential adversaries - are investing heavily in space, federal funding for NASA is essentially flat and is under constant threat of being cut. Without a clear vision, that fiscal uncertainty makes it all the more difficult for the agency to make progress on ambitious goals such as sending astronauts to an asteroid or Mars while executing big-ticket science missions, such as the $8.8 billion James Webb Space Telescope, says the analysis released Wednesday by the National Research Council.
"These problems are not primarily of NASA's doing, but the agency could craft a better response to the uncertainty," wrote the report's authors, a group of 12 independent experts led by Albert Carnesale, former chancellor at UCLA.
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"If the United States is to continue to maintain international leadership in space, it must have a steady, bold, scientifically justifiable space program in which other countries want to participate, and, moreover, it must behave as a reliable partner. Despite decades of U.S. leadership and technical accomplishment, many of these elements are missing today," they wrote.
The report, commissioned by NASA at the behest of Congress, said the agency lacked a long-range agenda that enjoyed widespread support from government and the public. The authors also made plain that many of the problems boil down to money.
"NASA cannot execute a robust, balanced aeronautics and space program given the current budget constraints," the report warns. "There is a significant mismatch between the programs to which NASA is committed and the budgets that have been provided or anticipated. ... This mismatch needs to be addressed if NASA is to efficiently and effectively develop enduring strategic directions of any sort."
To that end, the report committee laid out four options for getting NASA's goals in line with its resources. It acknowledged that the most appealing plan - getting more money from Congress - was "unlikely given the current outlook for the federal budget." Other possibilities include relying more on partnerships with other countries and private companies; undertaking an "aggressive restructuring program" that eliminates jobs and facilities; or giving up one of its main focus areas, such as the astronaut program or its studies of deep space.
The report's authors did not weigh in on which course NASA should choose. But they emphasized that Congress and the White House couldn't afford to ignore an uncomfortable truth: "NASA's distribution of resources may be out of sync with what it can achieve relative to what it has been asked to do."
Close watchers of the space agency said the report summarized NASA's predicament well.
"I thought it was rather grim reading, but accurate," said Scott Pace, director of the Space Policy Institute at George Washington University who worked at NASA during the George W. Bush administration.
The report comes a year after the retiring of the space shuttle fleet, leaving the agency with no clear agenda for its flagship human spaceflight division.
