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Fatherhood is a responsibility that has evolved significantly over time. In 1972, 85% of American families depended on a single income, typically earned by the father, who spent most of the week at work while mothers stayed home to care for the children. Today, 72.1% of married mothers are part of the workforce. While that figure still trails the 94.4% of married fathers who work, the gap continues to narrow.
Modern fathers no longer fit the traditional image of solely being the married breadwinner and disciplinarian. This shift has become even more noticeable in recent years, as many dads have temporarily or permanently transitioned to working from home and, in turn, taken on greater childcare responsibilities.
However, not all working fathers face the same circumstances. Those living in states with stronger economic opportunities and a higher quality of life tend to fare better than others.
To identify the best states for men balancing the dual responsibilities of parent and provider, WalletHub compared all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia across 22 key indicators of support for working fathers. The analysis considered factors ranging from the average workday length for men to childcare costs and the percentage of men in good or better health.

“Working dads have to worry about much more than just how much income they’re bringing home to support their kids. They also have to make sure that their children’s childcare and education are adequate, their health is properly looked after, and they get enough quality time with their father. The best states for working dads provide the conditions for all these needs to be met, while also helping dads maintain their own physical and mental health.”
Chip Lupo, WalletHub Analyst
Main Findings
Best States for Working Dads
| Overall Rank | State | Total Score | Economic & Social Well-Being Rank | Work-Life Balance Rank | Child Care Rank | Health Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Massachusetts | 80.30 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | Connecticut | 75.68 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | District of Columbia | 73.56 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 5 |
| 4 | New Jersey | 69.22 | 7 | 5 | 11 | 6 |
| 5 | Rhode Island | 68.32 | 27 | 2 | 6 | 10 |
| 6 | Minnesota | 67.07 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 |
| 7 | New Hampshire | 63.34 | 3 | 27 | 12 | 8 |
| 8 | Virginia | 63.32 | 4 | 23 | 7 | 13 |
| 9 | Vermont | 61.26 | 30 | 12 | 4 | 7 |
| 10 | Washington | 61.13 | 18 | 3 | 36 | 17 |
| 11 | Maryland | 60.98 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 12 |
| 12 | Wisconsin | 60.71 | 9 | 11 | 20 | 21 |
| 13 | Illinois | 60.11 | 10 | 19 | 13 | 19 |
| 14 | New York | 59.64 | 42 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
| 15 | Maine | 57.81 | 34 | 13 | 3 | 30 |
| 16 | Pennsylvania | 57.22 | 11 | 28 | 18 | 24 |
| 17 | Delaware | 56.85 | 22 | 24 | 16 | 20 |
| 18 | Indiana | 56.52 | 24 | 29 | 5 | 36 |
| 19 | Nebraska | 55.83 | 15 | 31 | 21 | 15 |
| 20 | North Dakota | 55.61 | 14 | 49 | 14 | 9 |
| 21 | Utah | 54.15 | 25 | 16 | 25 | 14 |
| 22 | Ohio | 54.01 | 6 | 26 | 28 | 29 |
| 23 | Kansas | 53.65 | 21 | 17 | 24 | 31 |
| 24 | Colorado | 53.60 | 19 | 21 | 27 | 22 |
| 25 | Iowa | 53.39 | 12 | 25 | 31 | 16 |
| 26 | South Dakota | 52.91 | 20 | 37 | 22 | 23 |
| 27 | Wyoming | 52.43 | 23 | 35 | 19 | 34 |
| 28 | Hawaii | 52.37 | 50 | 9 | 23 | 2 |
| 29 | Tennessee | 50.14 | 28 | 39 | 17 | 48 |
| 30 | Oregon | 48.77 | 45 | 7 | 45 | 32 |
| 31 | California | 48.14 | 49 | 6 | 41 | 18 |
| 32 | Missouri | 48.07 | 16 | 36 | 37 | 39 |
| 33 | Michigan | 48.07 | 17 | 42 | 40 | 26 |
| 34 | Montana | 46.53 | 38 | 40 | 26 | 27 |
| 35 | North Carolina | 46.24 | 29 | 30 | 42 | 28 |
| 36 | Kentucky | 45.70 | 36 | 22 | 29 | 44 |
| 37 | Georgia | 44.62 | 26 | 47 | 33 | 40 |
| 38 | Florida | 43.69 | 44 | 32 | 32 | 33 |
| 39 | Texas | 43.29 | 32 | 43 | 35 | 42 |
| 40 | Alaska | 43.03 | 33 | 44 | 38 | 38 |
| 41 | Idaho | 41.65 | 39 | 41 | 47 | 25 |
| 42 | South Carolina | 41.15 | 35 | 45 | 46 | 37 |
| 43 | Arkansas | 40.72 | 43 | 34 | 34 | 49 |
| 44 | Arizona | 40.12 | 41 | 20 | 51 | 35 |
| 45 | Oklahoma | 39.95 | 46 | 46 | 30 | 45 |
| 46 | West Virginia | 38.58 | 47 | 33 | 43 | 51 |
| 47 | Alabama | 38.36 | 31 | 50 | 50 | 43 |
| 48 | Mississippi | 37.86 | 40 | 51 | 39 | 46 |
| 49 | Nevada | 37.65 | 48 | 38 | 48 | 41 |
| 50 | Louisiana | 37.14 | 37 | 48 | 49 | 47 |
| 51 | New Mexico | 36.11 | 51 | 18 | 44 | 50 |
Note: With the exception of “Total Score,” all of the columns in the table above depict the relative rank of that state, where a rank of 1 represents the best conditions for that metric category.

- Lowest
- 1. Mississippi
- 2. South Dakota
- 3. Kansas
- 4. Minnesota
- 5. Georgia

- Highest
- 47. Nebraska
- 48. Washington
- 49. New York
- 50. Oregon
- 51. New Mexico

- Lowest
- 1. New Hampshire
- 2. Vermont
- 3. Massachusetts
- 4. Minnesota
- 5. North Dakota

- Highest
- 47. Mississippi
- 48. Oklahoma
- 49. Arkansas
- 50. West Virginia
- 51. New Mexico

- Highest
- 1. District of Columbia
- 2. Virginia
- 3. Minnesota
- 4. New Jersey
- 5. Illinois

- Lowest
- 47. Maine
- 48. Alaska
- 49. Nevada
- 50. New Mexico
- 51. Hawaii

- Lowest
- T-1. Nebraska
- T-1. South Dakota
- T-1. North Dakota
- T-1. Utah
- T-1. Idaho

- Highest
- 47. Nevada
- 48. Rhode Island
- 49. California
- 50. New York
- 51. West Virginia

- Lowest
- 1. Massachusetts
- 2. Hawaii
- 3. District of Columbia
- 4. Vermont
- 5. Minnesota

- Highest
- T-46. Mississippi
- T-46. Nevada
- 48. Florida
- 49. Georgia
- 50. Oklahoma
- 51. Texas

- Highest
- 1. Hawaii
- 2. Massachusetts
- 3. New Jersey
- 4. Utah
- 5. New York

- Lowest
- 47. Alabama
- 48. Tennessee
- 49. Louisiana
- 50. West Virginia
- 51. Mississippi

- Lowest
- 1. Vermont
- 2. California
- 3. Rhode Island
- T-4. New Mexico
- T-4. New York

- Highest
- 47. South Dakota
- 48. Louisiana
- 49. North Dakota
- 50. Wyoming
- 51. Alaska
Note: Median family income and poverty stats refer to families with kids under 18 years old with the father present.
In-Depth Look at the Best Places for Working Dads
Massachusetts
Massachusetts is the best state for working dads, largely because it has great economic conditions for dads. For example, the median income for families with children under 18 and a father present is $129,500 after adjusting for living costs, which is sixth-highest in the nation. Massachusetts also has the third-lowest poverty rate for kids whose father is present, at 5.1%. In addition, it has the best parental leave policies of any state, allowing fathers adequate time off work when a new child joins their family.
Getting their children a solid education and good child care is naturally a big concern for working dads. Massachusetts has the best school systems in the country, along with a relatively high number of child care workers per capita.
Finally, the Bay State is a great place for men’s health. It has the third-highest percentage of men in good or better health, plus the lowest percentage of men who don’t have health insurance.
Connecticut
Connecticut is the second-best state for working dads, with the second-best school system in the country and the highest percentage of child care centers that are nationally accredited. This ensures kids are well taken care of while their dad is at work.
In addition, the Constitution State has the third-highest percentage of working men who are economically secure, at 76%. Economic security means being able to meet all their basic monthly expenses while also growing their assets modestly.
Finally, Connecticut is a good place for men to stay healthy in body and mind, with 85.7% of men in good or better health and one of the lowest suicide rates for men in the country.
District of Columbia
The District of Columbia ranks as the third-best place for working dads to live. It has the highest median income for families with the father present, at $147,300, and it also has the second-highest percentage of nationally accredited child care centers, giving working dads greater peace of mind during the workday.
D.C. is a place where both dads and their kids are able to stay healthy. The District has the highest share of men in good or better health and the highest share of physically-active men. It also leads the country when it comes to the number of pediatricians per capita.
To top things off, D.C. has resources that help fathers spend more time with their kids. It has the second-best parental leave policies in the nation, for example, and it is one of the better places for working from home.
The methodology can be found on the full version of the article on WalletHub.


