Here's how to tell if a home is energy-efficient

A There may not be an especially easy way to do this, but I have a suggestion that may help you. Make up a checklist of the key elements found in homes that are energy-efficient and refer to this list as you walk through the home.

Appliances

Do they look fairly new? Older appliances use much more energy than newer ones. See if there are any Energy Star labels or other stickers on the appliances that indicate that they are more efficient.

Heating and cooling systems

Take a look at labels on them to see what their SEER or other ratings are. Again, try to judge their age, since newer standards in recent years have increased the efficiency of these systems.

Insulation

If you can get up into the attic, take a look to see if there appears to be insulation visible that hasn't settled or is missing in areas. Any gaps or compacted areas of insulation greatly cut down on its effectiveness.

Windows and window frames

Run your hand around them see if they seal tightly. Can you feel any air coming in? Is there excessive moisture or condensation visible on the glass?

The home's "envelope"

The term "thermal envelope" refers to the walls, roof, windows and other elements that protect the home. How solid does the home look from the perspective of being a solid element against the outdoor environment?

Overall look

Is there landscaping around the home that can block the summer sun and channel the winter winds? Are there roof overhangs that help shade the walls and windows?

These are the basic elements of a home that will shape its energy efficiency. If you see obvious problems (such as poor attic insulation or windows that don't seal properly), you know you have some remodeling ahead of you to make that home as efficient as it can be. Do some homework on these areas so you'll know exactly what to look for, and focus in on the home as a complete system incorporating all these elements.