WASHINGTON ā President Donald Trump has issued a flurry of pardons in recent days, including for the father of a large donor to his super PAC, a former governor of Puerto Rico and a woman whose sentence he commuted during his first term but who ended up back in prison for a different scheme.
Trump commuted the sentence of Adriana Camberos just before his first stint in the White House ended in 2021. That followed her conviction as part of an effort to divert 5-Hour Energy drink bottles acquired for resale in Mexico and instead keep them in the U.S. Prosecutors said she and several co-conspirators attached counterfeit labels and filled the bottles with a phony liquid before selling them.
In 2024, she and her brother, Andres, were convicted in a separate case, this one involving lying to manufacturers to sell wholesale groceries and additional items at big discounts after pledging they were meant for sale in Mexico or to prisoners or rehabilitation facilities. The siblings sold the products at higher prices to U.S. distributors, prosecutors said.
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The Camberoses were among 13 pardons Trump issued Thursday, along with eight commutations. An additional pardon was announced Friday for Terren Peizer, a resident of Puerto Rico and California who headed the Miami-based health care company Ontrak.
Peizer was convicted and sentenced to 42 months in prison and fined $5.25 million for engaging in an insider trading scheme to avoid losses exceeding $12.5 million, according to the Justice Department.
President Donald Trump points Friday after arriving atĀ Palm Beach International Airport on Air Force One in West Palm Beach, Fla.
Trump issued a number of clemencies during the first year of his second term, many targeted at criminal cases once touted by federal prosecutors. They came amid a continuing Trump administration effort to erode public integrity guardrails ā including the firing of the Justice Department's pardon attorney.
Also pardoned this week was former Puerto Rico Gov. Wanda VƔzquez, who pleaded guilty last August to a campaign finance violation in a federal case that authorities say also involved a former FBI agent and a Venezuelan banker. Her sentencing was set for later this month.
Federal prosecutors sought one year behind bars, something VƔzquez's attorneys opposed as they accused prosecutors of violating a guilty plea deal reached last year that saw previous charges including bribery and fraud dropped. They noted that VƔzquez agreed to plead guilty to accepting a promise of a campaign contribution that was never received.
Also involved in the case was banker Julio Herrera Velutini, whose daughter, Isabela Herrera, donated $2.5 million to Trump's MAGA Inc. super PAC in 2024 and gave the group an additional $1 million last summer. The case's third defendant was former FBI agent Mark Rossini, who alsoĀ was pardoned by the president.
The recent wave of clemencies joins the Republican president's previous pardons of Democratic former Illinois Gov. Rod Blagojevich and Republican ex-Connecticut Gov. John Rowland, whose promising political career was upended by a corruption scandal and two federal prison stints.
Trump also pardoned former U.S. Rep. Michael Grimm, R-N.Y., who resigned from Congress after a tax fraud conviction and made headlines for threatening to throw a reporter off a Capitol balcony over a question he didn't like. Reality TV stars Todd and Julie Chrisley, who were convicted of cheating banks and evading taxes, also got Trump pardons.
The president also pardoned Texas Democratic Rep. Henry Cuellar in a bribery and conspiracy case. He later expressed regret and frustration for having done so, however, when Cuellar announced he sought reelection without switching parties to become a Republican.
In November, the president commuted the sentence of former U.S. Rep. George Santos, who was slated to serve more than seven years in federal prison after pleading guilty to fraud and identity theft charges.Ā The New York Republican was sentenced in April after admitting to deceiving donors and stealing the identities of 11 people ā including his own family members ā to make donations to his campaign.
11 questionable presidential pardons
George Washington and the Whiskey Rebellion
In the first test of the strength of the presidential pardon, George Washington issued a pardon to John Mitchell and Philip Weigel, two men convicted of treason in the āWhiskey Rebellionā of 1794.
Though Washingtonās pardon went largely unchallenged by contemporaries like John Jay and Alexander Hamilton (who implemented the whiskey tax that caused the rebellion and urged Washington to act against the rebels), there was a debate on whether the right to issue a pardon should lie with the president or with Congress.
Andrew Johnson gives accomplices a pass
Samuel Arnold, Samuel Mudd and Edmund Spangler were accused as co-conspirators in John Wilkes Boothās plan to assassinate Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States. Arnold was a surgeon who set Boothās broken leg after he escaped from the Ford Theater and met with Booth at least once before he shot Lincoln on April 14, 1865. Mudd and Spangler respectively plotted with Booth in an aborted plan to kidnap Lincoln and helped Booth escape after the murder. A fourth conspirator, Michael OāLaughlen, was also prosecuted and died in a Florida prison.
In 1869, Andrew Johnson, Lincolnās successor, pardoned Arnold, Mudd and Spangler.
Woodrow Wilson will pardon for testimony
This defeat for the presidential pardon also served as a victory for freedom of the press. When the federal government called New York Tribune city editor George Burdick to testify in its investigation on whether employees of the U.S. Treasury and the U.S. Custom House were leaking classified information, Burdick plead the Fifth. In an effort to get Burdick to testify, President Woodrow Wilson offered him a āfull and unconditional pardonā from any wrongdoing, which Burdick promptly refused.
The Supreme Court upheld Burdickās refusal, in accordance with former Chief Justice John Marshallās definition of a pardon as a āa private, though officialā action that could be ārejected by the person to whom it is tendered.ā
Gerald Ford decides Richard Nixon is "not a crook"
Disgraced President Richard Nixon claimed he wasnāt a crook and his successor, Gerald Ford, made it official. After assuming the nationās highest office following Nixonās resignation in 1974, President Ford issued him a pardon, claiming that the impact on the country would be worse if Nixon were indicted on charges stemming from his role in the Watergate scandal.
Fordās decision wasnāt met with rousing support; his press secretary resigned, and Ford lost his run for president to Democrat Jimmy Carter.
Mark Felt gets a bye for breaking and entering
In 1980 Mark Felt (whoād later reveal himself as the Watergate informant known as Deep Throat) and Edward S. Miller were convicted of facilitating illegal searches of the homes of a group of Vietnam War protestors known as Weather Underground in 1972. The break-ins had previously been declared unconstitutional and didnāt lead to any arrests or captures.
Felt acknowledged that his actions were illegal and in violation of the Fourth Amendment, but maintained that they were necessary for the safety of the country.
Bush sweeps Iran Contra under the rug
Just before his term ended, President George H.W. Bush issued pardons to six government officials involved in the sale of weapons to Iranian terrorists against U.S. public policy, and the redirecting of funds from those sales to the anti-communist Contras in Nicaragua. Bush pardoned former Secretary of State Caspar Weinberger before he was to stand trial on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice, as well as Robert McFarlane, Reaganās national security adviser, whoād been sentenced to two years probation for withholding evidence.
Bush also handed down pardons to former Assistant Secretary of State Elliot Abrams and three CIA officials, who faced varying charges of perjury, withholding evidence and making false statements related to the Iran-Contra scandal. Despite being vice president at the time and claiming in his diary to have been āone of the few people that knew fully the details,ā Bush 41 denied wrongdoing related to the scandal and refused to discuss it.
Marc Rich gets rich in exile ... then gets pardoned
Commodities broker Marc Rich took refuge in Switzerland to avoid charges of tax evasion, violating trade embargoes, racketeering and wire fraud. During his time abroad, he even briefly made a profit selling copper to the U.S. Mint, while occupying the No. 6 spot on the countryās āMost Wanted Fugitivesā list.
After securing Jack Quinn, a lawyer and former counsel to President Bill Clinton, Rich appealed to Clinton for a pardon using testimonies from Israeli leaders about his generous contributions to political and artistic causes in the country. Richās ex-wife, Denise, had also made donations to the Clintons and the Democratic Party totaling over $1 million. Under a veil of secrecy and questionable public relations tactics, Rich secured a pardon from Clinton just before George W. Bush was sworn in as the 43rd president.
The New York Times called the move āindefensibleā a āshocking abuse of presidential power,ā while the New Republic labeled the pardon as āExhibit A of Clintonian sliminess.ā
Bill Clinton shows some brotherly love
Any situation involving a president pardoning his little brother (whose Secret Service codename was āHeadacheā) is likely to raise eyebrows. And thatās exactly what happened when Clinton pardoned his half-brother Roger for conspiracy to distribute cocaine.
Rogerās record was wiped clean on his brotherās last day in office, but he hasnāt quite stayed out of trouble. In 2001, the younger Clinton was arrested for driving under the influence and was embroiled in legal issues throughout the 2010ās including a lawsuit claiming he was liable for an assault that happened in his home in 2011.
Way to go, Arpaio
In 2017 an Arizona court convicted police chief Joe Arpaio of criminal contempt of court after Arpaio failed to stop racially profiling and detaining illegal immigrants simply for not having documentation. Arpaio faced a fine and up to six months in jail but a month after his conviction, President Donald Trump pardoned Arpaio and expressed appreciation for Arpaioās commitment to "protecting the public from the scourges of crime and illegal immigration."
The presidentās decision was widely criticized, even by members of the Republican Party, including Speaker of the House Paul Ryan, and Arizona Senators John McCain and Jeff Flake.
D'Souza gets a pardon over dinner
Dinesh DāSouza, a former Reagan adviser known for his incendiary anti-liberal opinions and conspiracy theories, pled guilty in 2014 to charges of using straw donors to contribute to a friendās campaign. According to The New York Times, U.S. Attorney Pete Bharara recommended prison for DāSouza, but ultimately, DāSouza only received a $30,000 fine and five years of probation.
Trumpās pardon, which came in 2018, was controversial because initially, Trump claimed he wasnāt asked to pardon DāSouza and did so because he was ātreated very unfairly.ā DāSouza and other sources later said Sen. Ted Cruz had appealed for DāSouzaās pardon over dinner.
Trump was also believed to have pardoned DāSouza to get back at Bharara, a former adviser who became a staunch Trump opponent after he was fired.
Trump shows a new kind of self love
In the midst of the Mueller investigation into whether or not Russia interfered in the 2016 election, Trump asserted, via Twitter, that he could absolve himself of any wrongdoing.
āAs has been stated by numerous legal scholars, I have the absolute right to PARDON myself, but why would I do that when I have done nothing wrong,ā the president said.
His lawyer and former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani also said the president could probably pardon himself. But legal precedent isnāt on Trumpās side. According to a 1974 memo from the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel, the president cannot pardon himself because, āno one may be a judge in his own case."
Forgiveness curries favor
More than one president has been accused of offering pardons in exchange for support. Warren G. Harding's administration is suspected to have exchanged pardons and political appointments for financial contributions. Both Franklin D. Roosevelt and Richard Nixon are believed to have pardoned people involved with organized crime (Conrad Mann and Jimmy Hoffa, respectively) because of their ties to powerful political figures or willingness to support them.
